Luke chapter 6

Verses 12-16:

^.12But it came-to-pass in these days (for) him to go-out into the mountain to pray, and he used-to-be through-the-night in the prayer of God; ^.13and when day came-to-pass he uttered-sounds-towards his learning-disciples, and having selected-for-himself twelve from them - whom also he named apostles:

^.14Simon whom also he named Peter and Andrew his brother, and James and John, and Philip and Bartholomew, ^.15and Matthew and Thomas, and James of Alphaeus and Simon the (person) being called Zealot, ^.16and Judas of James and Judas Iscariot who became a betrayer -

It came-to-pass (became, happened, occurred) during these days for Jesus to go (come) out into the mountain to pray (the mount or hill to communicate to/with God, to speak generally towards God).

During that past time he was continuing to be throughout the night (all night) in the prayer of God (God's prayer; in the sense that Jesus was praying in agreement with God's intention and in God's sight and presence, and he was receiving the response to his prayer from God, a two-way communication).

At the time that it became day (daylight) Jesus uttered-sounds-towards his learning-disciples (he spoke sounds calling to his students), and after he selected (chose, picked-out) for himself 12 from his many learning-disciples at that time, in addition he named those 12 men “apostles.”

A name is a word or phrase given to a person, etc, to be called and known-by, in order to designate and describe the distinguishing and distinctive constitution, character, quality, workings, etc. Jesus gave them the name of “apostles” which means: people who are sent forth/away from someone on a specific mission or assignment to a person or people; this word places emphasis on being sent.

·         Simon whom also he named Peter (in the Greek language this word is petros, which is translated into English as the name Peter, meaning a stone, a part/piece of rock currently detached from the main rock – Simon Peter, son of Jona, native of Bethsaida) and

·         Andrew his brother (Simon Peter's brother, of Bethsaida), and

·         James (a son of Zebedee, Boanerges, brother of John) and

·         John (a son of Zebedee, Boanerges, brother of James), and

·         Philip (of Bethsaida) and

·         Bartholomew, and

·         Matthew (he may also be called Levi as Luke 5:27; the tax-collector or publican, son of Alphaeus) and

·         Thomas (also known as Didymus), and

·         James the son of Alphaeus and

·         Simon the person being called Zealot (he was boiling with very-eager and vehement passion and in this context refers to the fact that he had been a member of a Judean sect which publicly resisted the Romans refusing to pay tribute or taxes claiming that doing so would be against God; he was also known as the Canaanite), and

·         Judas of James (this Judas/Jude was also known as Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus) and

·         Judas Iscariot who became a betrayer (this Judas/Jude was from the city of Kerioth; he became a traitor; the verb "became" indicates that Judas was not a traitor at the time when Jesus named him as an apostle but he became a traitor at a later time; he is the one who gave Jesus along into the hands of the religious leaders who wanted to kill Jesus, plus he was the only one of these twelve apostles not from the area of Galilee).

[Reference: Mark 3:13-19. Other references to these apostles are Matthew 10:2-4, John 11:16, and Acts 1:13]